"The Economic and Environmental Impacts of Agbiotech"

A Global Perspective

edited by Nicholas Kalaitzandonakes

Kluwer, 2003, 325 pages. $209.00 (Shipping and handling: $8.00 for U.S. delivery, $20.00 elsewhere).

After almost fifteen years in the laboratory and in the test plots, bioengineered crops arrived to the market in the mid-1990s. Adoption was rapid and widespread. In 1996, less than 4 million acres in six countries were planted with bioengineered plants. By 2001, worldwide adoption had expanded to more than 115 million acres.

Important questions quickly followed. What were the factors driving the widespread adoption of these first generation agrobiotechnologies? What were their economic and environmental impacts? How were such impacts distributed among innovators and adopters, developed and developing countries, exporters and importers, domestic and foreign consumers? How were such impacts and their distribution affected by market structures and government policies?

A growing body of literature has provided valuable insights to some of these questions. However, an assessment that accounts for the full range of differences in geography, weather, pests, farm structures and institutions had not been completed.

This book provides just such an assessment. It brings together leading authors from around the world who have analyzed the production, environmental and economic impacts of first generation agrobiotechnologies. By pooling experiences across various countries, time periods, crops and traits this global panel is able to synthesize a complete picture of the impacts of first generation agrobiotechnologies.

The foretelling of a scientific revolution has persistently raised expectations of the potential of agrobiotechnology. First-generation agrobiotechnologies have had to confront such expectations in the field and in the market. This book explains how well they have fared.

Contents

List of Figures. List of Tables. List of Contributors. Foreword. 1. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Agrobiotechnology: an Introduction; N. Kalaitzandonakes. 2. The Impact of Agricultural Biotechnology on the Conventional Agrochemical Market; J. McDougall, M. Phillips. 3. Trends in Pesticide Use Since the Introduction of Genetically Engineered Crops; J.E. Carpenter, L.P. Gianessi. 4. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Herbicide Tolerant and Insect Resistant Crops in the United States; J. Fernandez-Cornejo, C. Klotz-Ingram, R. Heimlich, M. Soule, W. McBride, S. Jans. 5. Environmental Effects of Glyphosate Resistant Soybeans in the United States; G.C. Nelson, D.S. Bullock. 6. Adoption of Cotton Biotechnology in the United States: Implications for Impact Assessment; N. Kalaitzandonakes, P. Suntornpithug. 7. The Economic Impact of Herbicide Tolerant Canola in Canada; P.W.B. Phillips. 8. Deployment and Impact of Transgenic Bt Cotton in Australia; G.P. Fitt. 9. Transgenic Crops in Spain; F. García-Olmedo. 10. Transgenic Cotton in Mexico: A Case Study of the Comarca Lagunera; G. Traxler, S. Godoy-Avila, J. Falck-Zepeda, J.de Jesús Espinosa-Arellano. 11. Adoption of Herbicide Tolerant Soybeans in Agentina: An Economic Analysis; J.A. Penna, D. Lema. 12. The Impact of Bt Cotton in China; C. Pray, Jikun Huang. 13. The Adoption and Impact of Agricultural Biotechnology in South Africa; J. Kirsten, M. Grouse. 14. Economic Effects of Bt Cotton Adoption and the Impact of Government Programs; G.B. Frisvold, R. Tronstad. 15. Substitution and Complementarities in the Biotechnology and Pesticide Markets: A Theoretical Framework; S. Lemarié, S. Marette. 16. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Agrobiotechnology: Conclusions; N. Kalaitzandonakes. Index.

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